| Name | Planning |
| Reference | Planning (Wikipedia) and Planning for results: Practical applications (part of Handbook on Planning, Monitoring and Evaluating for Development Results (UNDP)). |
Planning in organizations and public policy is both the organizational process of creating and maintaining a plan; and the psychological process of thinking about the activities required to create a desired goal on some scale.
Socio-economic scope
| Actants | |
| - Roles | |
| - Tools | Planning tools and methodologies such as PRINCE2® (Official PRINCE2® Website); |
| - Services | |
| Inputs/Outputs | inputs: Issues note, Programme, project or other initiation document; output: Development plan, or a programme or project plan. |
| Target Outcome |
Dynamic context
Handbook on Planning, Monitoring and Evaluating for Development Results (UNDP) provides a detailed description of various aspects of planning as it is applied in UNDP, with attention to stakeholder analysis, problem identification and prioritization, problem analysis, vision statement, results map, assumptions and risks.
| Action Realm | Monitoring & Evaluation |
| Part of | Programme Management or Project Management |
| Parts | stakeholder analysis, problem identification and prioritization, problem analysis, vision statement, results map, assumptions and risks |
| Preceeding Interactions | Programme launch (for a Monitoring against a results framework; or a Policy decision (for institutionalised monitoring) |
| Succeeding Interactions | Evaluation, correcting programmes or projects, other change decisions. |
| Alternatives | |
| Risks | Poor planning is a frequent cause of failed projects or programmes. |
Siblings under Semiotic Interactions:
Planning is generalization of:





